Suspension Agent (SC)
Nws yog hais txog kev npaj cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab uas sib xyaw ua ke hauv dej nrog cov khoom tsawg dua 4 microns, code npe SC.
① Tsis muaj plua plav phom sij, nyab xeeb rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab ib puag ncig;
② Nrog dej raws li qhov nruab nrab dispersion, tsis muaj teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm cov organic solvents;
③ Piv nrog rau cov hmoov ntub dej, nws raug tso cai xaiv cov khoom siv raw nrog ntau qhov sib txawv, kom cov nyhuv lom neeg thiab lub cev ruaj khov ntawm kev npaj tuaj yeem ncav cuag * zoo dua;
④ Tus neeg sawv cev ua kua muaj qhov sib txawv zoo hauv dej thiab tuaj yeem ua ncaj qha rau hauv cov kua tshuaj rau kev siv;
⑤ . Loj loj, me me ntim ntim;
⑥ Lub dispersivity thiab expansibility ntawm lub ncua kev kawm ntawv tus neeg sawv cev kuj zoo, lub ncua kev kawm ntawv tus nqi yog siab, muaj peev xwm mus ua raws li cov saum npoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag kuj muaj zog, thiab cov dej yaig kuj kuj muaj zog, yog li cov kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab kav ntev. tshaj li ntawm cov hmoov ntub dej;
⑦ Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom me me, qhov loj ntawm lub ntsej muag, muaj zog nkag mus, tsis muaj plua plav thaum muab tshuaj, tus nqi qis, kev ua haujlwm siab; Nws kuj muaj qhov zoo ntawm wettable hmoov thiab emulsifiable concentrate, uas tuaj yeem wetted los ntawm dej thiab muaj kev ncua zoo tom qab dilution nrog dej.
Emulsifiable concentrates (EC)
Nws yog ib hom kev npaj tshuaj tua kab. Nws yog ib qho kua ua los ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv cov kuab tshuaj thiab ntxiv emulsifier. Feem ntau, dilute nrog ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov dej los tsim ib tug ruaj khov emulsion, thiab ces siv ib tug tshuaj tsuag kom disperse nws * Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, tsawg ntim tshuaj tsuag thiab txawm ultra-tsawg ntim tshuaj tsuag kuj tau ua.
Feem ntau cov emulsifiers siv cov khoom sib xyaw uas tsis yog-ionic thiab anionic surfactants. Cov kuab tshuaj feem ntau yog cov kuab tshuaj roj av xws li xylene thiab methyl naphthalene. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kuab tshuaj cawv xws li methyl isobutyl ketone thiab isopropanol kuj tau siv.
Cov kuab tshuaj organic nyob rau hauv emulsifiable concentrates tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hluas ntawm txiv apples thiab pears, ua rau cov tawv nqaij ua kom lub qhov hws thiab txo cov smoothness ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nto. Nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob siv nws ua ntej ntim khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau qee hom rhiab thiab ntau yam. Nws muaj kev ua tau zoo, kev siv yooj yim thiab cov cuab yeej ruaj khov. Vim nws cov keeb kwm ntev thiab kev paub tab ntawm kev siv tshuab, emulsifiable concentrates muaj ntau yam ntau yam, cov khoom siv loj thiab kev siv, thiab tam sim no yog cov tshuaj tua kab loj hauv Suav teb thiab cov teb chaws Asia.
Microemulsion (ME)
Cov formulation yog tsim los ntawm cov kua tshuaj tua kab, surfactant, dej, stabilizer, thiab lwm yam. Nws belongs rau lub thermodynamic lub sij hawm ruaj khov dispersion system. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev noj dej raws li qhov nruab nrab, tsis muaj cov kuab tshuaj organic tsawg, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem tawg thiab tsis tawg, muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm, kev cia thiab kev thauj mus los, tsis muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig, thiab txuag tau ntau cov organic solvents; Cov tshuaj tua kab dispersion * siab, mus txog qib ntawm micro refinement. Cov tshuaj tua kab feem ntau yog {{0}}.1 ~ 0.01 μ m, thiab cov tsos zoo ib yam li pob tshab lossis micro pob tshab kua; Nws muaj zoo dispersibility hauv dej, muaj zog permeability rau lub hom phiaj thiab zoo adhesion.
Dej emulsion (EW)
Nws yog hais txog kev npaj cov tshuaj tua kab ua kua uas tau npaj los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua kua lossis cov kuab tshuaj rau hauv dej nrog cov tee me me ntawm 0.5-1.5 μ m, thiab nws cov tsos yog mis nyuj dawb zoo li kua. Qhov kev npaj no tsis muaj cov kuab tshuaj organic, yog nonflammable, muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo, thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, khaus thiab toxicity tshwm sim los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj organic. Concentrated emulsion yog cov kua tshuaj tua kab ua kua los yog tov nrog cov kuab tshuaj, uas yog dispersed nyob rau hauv dej nrog me me tee dej thiab dej raws li qhov nruab nrab.
(Qhov txawv ntawm emulsifiable concentrates, microemulsions thiab dej emulsions: Macroscopically hais lus, yog tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab tsim nyog emulsifiable concentrates, microemulsions thiab dej emulsions yog tib yam thiab qhov sib piv ntawm dilution yog tib yam thaum siv, lawv cov txiaj ntsig tsis txawv. Vim tias cov khoom siv tau zoo hauv microemulsions yog me me hauv dej, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm emulsifiers hauv microemulsions yog siab dua li cov dej emulsions thiab emulsifiable concentrates, lawv cov kev ua tau zoo yog feem ntau zoo; emulsifiable concentrates muaj ntau cov organic solvents, uas yog Feem ntau siv tau muaj cov nyhuv synergistic, ua raws li cov nyhuv.Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kuab tshuaj thiab emulsifier hauv dej emulsion yog tsawg heev, thiab cov nyhuv siv yog sib npaug rau cov emulsifiable concentrates.
Cov emulsifiable concentrates muaj ntau cov kuab tshuaj organic, uas feem ntau ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov tub ntxhais hluas paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo; Microemulsions thiab dej emulsions muaj ntau cov dej, uas tsis tshua muaj teeb meem rau cov nroj tsuag dua li emulsifiable concentrates nrog tib cov khoom xyaw zoo. Yog li ntawd, microemulsions, dej emulsions thiab emulsifiable concentrates txhua tus muaj lawv tus kheej zoo, thiab yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau lawv xaiv nyob rau hauv kev siv.
Kev tso npe ntawm emulsifiable concentrates yog tam sim no txwv nyob rau hauv Suav teb vim hais tias lawv muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov organic solvents thiab ua paug rau ib puag ncig.
Microemulsion, siv dej ua cov kuab tshuaj tseem ceeb, yog ib puag ncig zoo dua li emulsifiable concentrates; Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus surfactants yuav tsum tau siv. Txawm hais tias lawv yog ib puag ncig-phooj ywg kev npaj tshuaj tua kab tseem muaj teeb meem.
Dej emulsion, uas siv cov kuab tshuaj organic tsawg thiab surfactant dua li emulsifiable concentrates thiab microemulsions, yog hu ua ib puag ncig-phooj ywg tshuaj tua kab.)
Wettable Hmoov
Lus Txhais: Kev npaj hmoov uas tuaj yeem tawg mus rau hauv dej kom tsim tau qhov kev ncua ruaj khov.
1. Dej insoluble technical tshuaj tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv WP. Yog tias lawv yuav tsum tau ua rau hauv siab concentration lossis tshuaj tsuag, lawv feem ntau ua tiav rau hauv WP;
2. Muaj zog adhesion, tsawg drift thiab tsawg ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug;
3. Tsis muaj cov kuab tshuaj organic, ib puag ncig zoo sib xws, yooj yim rau kev khaws cia thiab kev thauj mus los;
4. Tsawg tus nqi tsim khoom, cov cuab yeej tsim khoom lag luam paub tab thiab khoom siv;
5. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag yog siab dua li cov hmoov; Muaj qee yam plua plav paug thaum ua haujlwm.
6. Nws yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov ntawv noj tshuaj tshiab. SC, WDG, EP, EG, WT, thiab lwm yam.
Dej dispersible granule (WDG), tseem hu ua qhuav suspension agent
Nws yog ib qho kev tsim tshuaj tua kab tshiab thiab kev npaj ua cov cuab yeej tsim tawm hauv xyoo 1980s. Nws yog ib qho khoom npaj uas tuaj yeem tawg hauv dej. Thaum lub rooj sib tham 6th * * Pesticide Chemistry Conference nyob rau hauv 1986, nws tau raug suav hais tias yog ib qho zoo tagnrho cov tshuaj tua kab formulation nrog tag nrho cov zoo ntawm granules thiab siab dispersibility ntawm suspensions, thiab yuav yog ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb txoj kev loj hlob tiam sis nyob rau hauv kev tsim tshuaj tua kab.
1. Nws yog hais txog re granulating cov hmoov ntub dej los yog tshem tawm tus neeg sawv cev rau hauv dej dispersible granules. Cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog los tiv thaiv cov hmoov av los ntawm kev rov flocculating rau hauv cov hmoov coarse thaum lub sij hawm granulation txheej txheem los yog thaum lub sij hawm cia ntawm cov khoom tiav. Yog li, tus neeg sawv cev pabcuam hu ua tus neeg sawv cev cais yuav tsum tau siv rau hauv cov mis, uas tuaj yeem cais cov hmoov nplej. Daim ntawv no ntau npaum yuav tsum tau tsawg abscission tus nqi thiab tsis muaj hmoov nyob rau hauv cov khoom. Cov qauv no muaj fluidity zoo, siv tau yooj yim, tsis muaj plua plav ya, thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb heev.
2. Nws tseem hu ua tus neeg sawv cev qhuav dej thiab dej suspension granule. Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv dej, nws yuav cia li disintegrate thiab disperse rau hauv ncua kev kawm ntawv. Nws yog ib daim ntawv siv tshuaj tshiab tsim los ntawm cov hmoov ntub dej thiab cov neeg sawv cev ncua kev kawm. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo dispersion, siab ncua kev kawm ntawv tus nqi, zoo stability, yooj yim siv, thiab lwm yam. Nws zam qhov tsis zoo ntawm plua plav generated los ntawm wettable hmoov, tsis yooj yim ntim thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ncua kev kawm ntawv, nag lossis daus, caking, pluag liquidity, phab ntsa sticking, thiab lwm yam . Thaum khaws cia. Cov txheej txheem tsim muaj xws li tshuaj tsuag granulation, ncua granulation, extrusion granulation, high-strength mix granulation, fluidized txaj granulation, thiab lwm yam.
3. Cov koom haum feem ntau ntawm cov dej dispersible granule:
① Polycarboxylate
② Kaolin, diatomite, av nplaum
③ Inorganic ntsev, xws li sodium nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, thiab lwm yam
④ Naphthalene sulfonates, thiab lwm yam.
Tus neeg saib xyuas dej (AS)
Cov dej ntsev tuaj yeem npaj tau rau cov tshuaj tua kab uas soluble hauv dej thiab tsis decompose hauv dej. Aqueous tus neeg sawv cev yog cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab kws tshuaj. Tus neeg sawv cev zoo sib xws hauv dej hauv ionic lossis molecular xeev. Qhov concentration ntawm tus neeg sawv cev nyob ntawm cov dej solubility ntawm tus neeg sawv cev technical. Feem ntau, nws yog * loj solubility, thiab nws yog diluted nrog dej thaum siv. Piv nrog emulsifiable concentrates, aqueous daws tsis xav tau cov kuab tshuaj organic. Lawv tuaj yeem txau nrog tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm surfactant. Lawv muaj kev ua qias tuaj ib puag ncig tsawg, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim thiab ua haujlwm zoo. Lawv yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau yav tom ntej.
Granule (GR) yog abbreviated li Granule
Granular npaj ua tiav los ntawm cov tshuaj nyoos, cov neeg nqa khoom thiab lwm cov neeg ua haujlwm pabcuam. Kev sim teb thaum ntxov ntawm granules pib hauv 1946. Thaum ntxov 1950s, granules tau siv dav hauv Tebchaws Meskas, thiab thaum xyoo 1960, lawv tau siv dav hauv Nyiv. Nyob rau xyoo 1960, vim yog kev txhim kho ntawm ib puag ncig kev tshawb fawb, cov tshuaj tua kab tau dav siv thoob plaws ntiaj teb kom tsis txhob muaj kuab paug ntawm ib puag ncig thiab cov qoob loo uas tshwm sim los ntawm particle drift thaum cov tshuaj tua kab kis tau. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm granules nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub lig 1970s. Raws li kev txheeb cais ntawm Ministry of Chemical Industry xyoo 1989, granules suav txog li 7 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj tua kab.
Qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas granules tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov tshuaj tua kab uas nquag siv yog tias lawv muaj ntau yam tsis sib xws. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm granules yog:
① Cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev txau ua rau tus neeg sawv cev kis tau mus txog lub hom phiaj kab mob thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev nyab xeeb xws li cov yeeb ncuab ntuj;
② Cov khoom siv tshuaj tsis txuas rau stems thiab nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog lawv ua rau cov tshuaj puas tsuaj;
③ Tsis muaj plua plav ya thiab ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug thaum siv;
④ Thaum lub sijhawm ua ntawv thov, nws tuaj yeem txo cov tshuaj txuas nrog lossis nqus tau los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj kom tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij lom;
⑤ Txo cov tshuaj lom ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob ntawm tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu;
⑥ Nws tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov tso tawm ntawm cov khoom xyaw zoo hauv cov granules thiab ua kom lub sijhawm siv tau ntev;
⑦ Yooj yim rau siv thiab ua haujlwm siab.
Qee cov yam ntxwv tsis sib xws ntawm granule ua rau nws yog tshuaj zoo dua.
Microcapsule ncua kev kawm ntawv (CS)
Microcapsule suspending agent tshuaj tua kab yog hais txog cov tshuaj tua kab uas siv cov khoom siv ntuj tsim los yog hluavtaws polymer los tsim ib lub thawv micro nrog cov qauv-plhaub, encapsulates cov tshuaj tua kab hauv nws, thiab tshem tawm hauv dej. Cov qauv siv hluav taws xob muaj xws li cov phab ntsa capsule thiab lub capsule core. Lub capsule core yog ib qho khoom siv zoo thiab hnyav ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab, thiab cov phab ntsa capsule yog cov khoom siv polymer rau kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab. Daim foos no tau muab faib ua ntu ntu thiab ntu ntu. Cov theem txuas ntxiv yog dej thiab cov khoom ntxiv, thiab cov theem tsis tu ncua yog coated tshuaj tua kab microcapsules.
Cov tsos ntawm microcapsule suspension tus neeg saib xyuas yog cov kua dej khov, zoo ib yam li dej emulsion thiab dej ncua kev kawm tus neeg sawv cev. Cov duab ntawm microcapsule yog spherical, rugby zoo li tus, grain zoo li tus lossis lwm yam duab ntawm cov kua dej tshem tawm. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm microcapsules feem ntau yog 3-30 microns. Nws yog hais txog qhov loj ntawm millet thiab mung taum thaum pom nyob rau hauv 400 fold microscope.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm microcapsule suspension tshuaj tua kab:
Qhov zoo:
1. Lub sij hawm seem seem yuav kav ntev li ntawm 80-120 hnub (lub sij hawm seem seem tuaj yeem tswj tau manually raws li xav tau). Cov khoom xyaw tshuaj tua kab raug tso tawm qeeb tom qab daim ntawv thov, uas tuaj yeem ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm ib lub caij ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm ib lub sijhawm, txuag cov tshuaj, txuag lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, thiab ua kom zoo dua ntawm kev lom zem;
2. Qhov raug toxicity thiab ntxhiab tsw yog heev txo, kom tus neeg teb xov tooj tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj;
3. Nws tsis muaj teeb meem thiab tuaj yeem zam cov tshuaj lom neeg rau cov noob thiab cov qoob loo thaum nws siv rau cov noob hnav khaub ncaws;
4. Cov khoom xyaw nquag raug cais tawm ntawm cov dej thiab cov tshuaj tua kab alkaline, thiab kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsis cuam tshuam thaum lawv siv ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tua kab alkaline;
5. Tus nqi ntawm cov kuab tshuaj organic yog txo los ntawm 30-70 feem pua, uas zoo heev txo cov kuab paug ib puag ncig los ntawm cov teeb meem uas muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbons thiab yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
6. Cov tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm flowering ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li muv thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab ntuj.
Disadvantages: Cov kev ua tau zoo yog txo, thiab nws tsis haum rau kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov khoom yuav tsum tau ceev knockdown ceev.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv sau npe saum toj no, kuj tseem muaj ntau hom kev siv ntau yam xws li haus luam yeeb, aerosol, ultra-low ntim npaj, fumigants, thiab lwm yam. Lawv yuav tsum tau siv rau kev ua liaj ua teb raws li kev xav tau thiab tej yam kev mob.